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Explore TOEFL iBT DrillsAceThePrepTrap ForensicsTOEFL iBTHub →
TOEFL iBTListeningDetail Identification
Level 2 Trap Drill
Can you avoid the examiner's trap?Select an option to evaluate
Audio Transcript Excerpt: PROFESSOR: 'In historical linguistics, the comparative method relies heavily on identifying cognates across daughter languages to reconstruct an unrecorded proto-language. But historical linguists must exercise extreme caution to avoid mistaking loanwords for true cognates. True cognates are inherited continuously from a shared ancestral mother tongue and exhibit regular, systematic phonetic sound correspondences—such as Grimm's Law describing the shift from Proto-Indo-European voiceless stops to Germanic voiceless fricatives. Loanwords, by contrast, are borrowed horizontally across cultures through trade, conquest, or religious contact, and frequently violate these chronological sound laws.'
What distinguishes true cognates from linguistic loanwords according to the professor?
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More Detail Identification Questions in TOEFL iBT

Tier 2TOEFL iBT

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Tier 3TOEFL iBT

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Tier 2TOEFL iBT

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Tier 3TOEFL iBT

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